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Kawachi Ōtsukayama Kofun – Japan’s fifth largest kofun incomplete?

16 Jan

Kawachi Ōtsukayama Kofun (河内大塚山古墳) is a megalithic zenpōkōenfun that ranks as the fifth largest in the country, yet it may not even be of complete construction. Located on the border of Habikino city (羽曳野市) and Matsubara city (松原市), Osaka prefecture, it measures 335 meters in total length. On February 18, 2010, the Japan Archaeological Association (日本考古学協会) conducted an external examination of the mound and discovered that the zenpōbu (前方部; the front square half of the keyhole tomb) is flat.

Normally, the top of the zenpōbu is swelled upward like a hill, the lack of which suggests that the kofun was not completed. Some have even gone so far as to suggest that no one is actually buried inside.

Previous measurements by the Imperial Household Agency revealed that the zenpōbu (5 meters tall) was drastically lower than the kouenbu (20 meters tall), but no one knew the particulars.

Researchers walked around the perimeter of the tomb in order to examine the mound’s overall shape. It was then that they noticed the lack of a dirt mound.

The kofun is supposed to have been used as a fortification during medieval times, and it is possible that the zenpōbu was leveled during construction. Researchers, however, have been unable to find evidence of large-scale dirt moving, suggesting, instead, that construction on the giant kofun was never completed.

As a rule, people unassociated with the Imperial Household Agency have not been allowed to enter the precincts of burial mounds associated with the Imperial Family, such as tennōryō and ryōbosankōchi. From 2008, however, such ground checks have begun to be permitted, and researchers have already investigated Jingūkōgōryō (神功皇后陵) in Nara city.

全国5番目の規模の河内大塚山古墳は未完? 初の立ち入り調査
2010.2.19 00:22
宮内庁が「大塚陵墓参考地」として管理し、全国で5番目の規模を誇る巨大前方後円墳、河内大塚山古墳(全長335メートル、大阪府松原市・羽曳野市)で18日、日本考古学協会などの研究者らが墳丘への初の立ち入り調査を行い、前方部が平坦(へいたん)だったことが分かった。通常の古墳の前方部は山のように盛り上がっていることから、古墳が未完成で被葬者が納められていない可能性が浮上し、新たな謎となった。
河内大塚山古墳は、これまでの宮内庁の測量調査で、後円部(高さ20メートル)に比べて前方部(高さ5メートル)が極端に低いとされているが、詳細は不明だった。立ち入り調査では、研究者は墳丘外縁部を歩いて全体の形状などを観察。その結果、前方部は後円部のような盛り土がほとんどなく、平坦だったことが判明した。
古墳は中世に城として利用されたと伝えられ、築城の際に前方部が平坦に整地されたとの見方もあったが、研究者からは「大量の土を移動させた痕跡も見当たらない」との意見が出され、前方部が未完成のまま造営工事が終了するという、巨大古墳では極めて異例な状況だった可能性が浮かび上がった。その一方、古墳の築造時期などに結びつく遺物などは見つからなかったという。
天皇陵や陵墓参考地については、宮内庁関係者以外は原則として墳丘に入ることができないが、平成20年から研究者らを対象に立ち入り調査が認められ、これまでに神功(じんぐう)皇后陵(奈良市)などで実施された。

http://sankei.jp.msn.com/culture/academic/100219/acd1002190027000-n1.htm

Retrieved 2010/11/29

 
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Posted by on January 16, 2011 in Uncategorized

 

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