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		<title>Ancient Japan</title>
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		<title>Kanai Higashiura site &#8211; remains of woman found wearing necklace</title>
		<link>http://japanesearchaeology.com/2013/04/26/kanai-higashiura-site-remains-of-woman-found-wearing-necklace/</link>
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		<pubDate>Fri, 26 Apr 2013 22:03:39 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Joseph Ryan</dc:creator>
		
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		<description><![CDATA[More news out of Gunma prefecture, where it was announced on April 26 that the remains of an adult woman were found near the armor-clad man at Kanai Higashiura (金井東裏遺跡), the early-6th-century site that was buried in volcanic ash from the eruption of Harunayama Futatsudake (榛名山二ッ岳; Hr-FA). Previous posts can be seen here and here. Her [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=japanesearchaeology.com&#038;blog=987012&#038;post=1080&#038;subd=nagaeyari&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>More news out of Gunma prefecture, where it was announced on April 26 that the remains of an adult woman were found near the armor-clad man at Kanai Higashiura (金井東裏遺跡), the early-6th-century site that was buried in volcanic ash from the eruption of Harunayama Futatsudake (榛名山二ッ岳; Hr-FA). Previous posts can be seen <a href="http://japanesearchaeology.com/2012/12/11/kanai-higashiura-iseki-remains-found-of-kofun-period-man-wearing-armor/">here </a>and <a href="http://japanesearchaeology.com/2013/04/25/kanai-higashiura-update-footprints-found/">here</a>.</p>
<p>Her skeleton is almost fully preserved.</p>
<p><a href="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2013/04/e8a385e9a3bee59381e38292e79d80e38191e3819fe5a5b3e680a7e4babae9aaa8.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1081" alt="装飾品を着けた女性人骨" src="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2013/04/e8a385e9a3bee59381e38292e79d80e38191e3819fe5a5b3e680a7e4babae9aaa8.jpg?w=645"   /></a></p>
<p style="text-align:center;">The woman&#8217;s right knee is bent. The direction of her fall can be ascertained from her remains.</p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://www.kahoku.co.jp/news/2013/04/2013042601002146.htm">Source</a></p>
<p>She was wearing a necklace &#8212; a luxury unattainable for commoners during the early-6th century. Judging by the sumptuous display of wealth, Professor Tanaka Yoshiyuki of Kyushu University posits her to have been an elite woman of high rank. Her height has been reconstructed as 143 centimeters, rather short for the time.</p>
<p>Information has yet to be released on the materials (most likely beads) used in the neck decoration.</p>
<p>Further updates about her remains will be edited into this post.</p>
<p>&#8212;&#8212;-</p>
<p><a href="http://www.kahoku.co.jp/news/2013/04/2013042601002146.htm">Source</a></p>
<p>金井東裏遺跡人骨は首飾りの女性 群馬、高地位か</p>
<p>群馬県渋川市の金井東裏遺跡で、６世紀初め（古墳時代）のよろいを着けた男性の骨の近くで見つかった別の骨が、首飾りをした成人女性のものであることが２６日、県への取材で分かった。ほぼ全身が残っており、榛名山（群馬県）の噴火で同じ火砕流に巻き込まれて死亡したとみられる。<br />
調査した九州大の田中良之教授（考古学）は「噴火という緊急時に装飾品を着けており、地位の高い女性だろう。火砕流を避けようとして倒れた姿勢にも見える」と話している。<br />
県文化財保護課によると、当時としても小柄な推定身長１４３センチの成人女性のほぼ全身と判明。右膝を曲げて右向きに倒れていた。</p>
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			<media:title type="html">装飾品を着けた女性人骨</media:title>
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		<title>Kanai Higashiura update &#8211; footprints found</title>
		<link>http://japanesearchaeology.com/2013/04/25/kanai-higashiura-update-footprints-found/</link>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 25 Apr 2013 23:35:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Joseph Ryan</dc:creator>
		
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		<description><![CDATA[More news from the Kanai Higashiura site in Shibukawa city, Gunma prefecture, where the remains of a Kofun-period man were found wearing a suit of armor.  The Kanai Higashiura site was buried following the eruption of Harunayama Futatsudake (榛名山二ッ岳; Hr-FA) in the early-6th century (it would erupt again in the mid-6th century). Nearby sites Kuroimine (黒井峯遺跡) [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=japanesearchaeology.com&#038;blog=987012&#038;post=1076&#038;subd=nagaeyari&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>More news from the <a href="http://japanesearchaeology.com/2012/12/11/kanai-higashiura-iseki-remains-found-of-kofun-period-man-wearing-armor/">Kanai Higashiura site</a> in Shibukawa city, Gunma prefecture, where the remains of a Kofun-period man were found wearing a suit of armor. </p>
<p>The Kanai Higashiura site was buried following the eruption of Harunayama Futatsudake (榛名山二ッ岳; Hr-FA) in the early-6th century (it would erupt again in the mid-6th century). Nearby sites Kuroimine (黒井峯遺跡) and Nakasuji (中筋遺跡) were also affected, their levels of preservation prompting researchers to call them “the Pompeii of Japan.”</p>
<p>It was <a href="http://www.pref.gunma.jp/03/x4500038.html">announced</a> on December 10 that the remains of a Kofun-Period infant and adult male were recovered from the Kanai Higashiura site (金井東裏遺跡; Shibukawa city, Gunma prefecture), buried under a layer of volcanic ash dating to the early-6th century (the Late Kofun Period). The male was found wearing a suit of lamellar armor. </p>
<p><a href="http://japanesearchaeology.com/2012/12/11/kanai-higashiura-iseki-remains-found-of-kofun-period-man-wearing-armor/attachment/1/" rel="attachment wp-att-1010"><img class="aligncenter" alt="1" src="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2012/12/1.jpg?w=300&#038;h=182&#038;h=182" width="300" height="182" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align:left;">Nearest the man is the armor-wearing individual. To the left is separate piece of armor (originally thought to have been just a piece of the armor on the right). Above the armor and behind the researcher is the skull of an infant.</p>
<p>It was announced on April 23 that the piece of armor in the lower left of the above picture is indeed a separate suite of armor and not a disconnected piece of the suite on the right. This additional suit of lamellar armor (小札甲 or 挂甲) was found approximately one meter from the human remains, and between them around a dozen iron arrowheads were scattered. Considering the position of the second suite of armor, it would appear that the armor-clad individual had been carrying it.</p>
<p>Judging by the length of the femur (43.3 centimeters), researchers reconstructed a height of some 163 centimeters for the armor-wearing individual, which is believed to have been average for contemporary adult males.</p>
<p>The armor-clad man was found with bent knees and flexed toes. Researchers are getting closer to reconstructing the exact position he was kneeling forward in. </p>
<p>Additionally, approximately 100 meters south of the human remains, over 20 footprints of various sizes were discovered dating to the same period. The footprints, which clearly show the outline of the toes, were made by barefoot individuals. The larger of the footprints measures approximately 23 centimeters long. Analysis of the prints suggests that individuals continued to walk around the area even after the volcanic ash began to accumulate. For a picture of one of the footprints, please see <a href="http://www.asahi.com/area/gunma/articles/MTW1304241000002.html">this link</a>.</p>
<p>&#8211;</p>
<p><a href="http://mainichi.jp/feature/news/20130424ddlk10040213000c.html">Source</a></p>
<p>金井東裏遺跡:二つ目のよろいを発掘 大小２０以上の足跡も−−渋川 ／群馬 毎日新聞 2013年04月24日</p>
<p>地方版 県教委などは２３日、古墳時代後期のよろいを着た人骨が全国で初めて見つかった渋川市の金井東裏遺跡で、二つ目のよろいを発掘したと発表した。いずれも６世紀初頭の火山灰の地層から見つかり、近くの榛名山二ツ岳の噴火で火砕流に巻き込まれたとみられる。また、人骨から約１００メートル南にある同時期の地層からは、人の足跡が大小２０以上見つかり、関連を調べる。 県教委によると、二つ目のよろいは、人骨から約１メートルの距離で掘り出され、よろいと人骨の間には鉄製の矢じりが十数点落ちていた。よろいは二つとも、長方形の鉄板を革ひもでくみ上げた「小札甲（こざねよろい）」で、県内では支配者層の古墳から出土している。 二つ目のよろいをＣＴスキャンすると、小さな鉄板をひもでとじた構造が確認されたほか、コンパクトに小さく丸まっていることが分かった。県教委は「人骨の主が、持って逃げようとした可能性もある」と推察している。 よろいを着た人骨についても詳細に調べたところ、大腿（だいたい）骨の長さが約４３センチと確認され、身長を約１６３センチと推定。当時の成人男性の身長としては、標準的という。人骨は膝を折った状態で見つかったが、両足はつま先立ちのような姿勢だったことも分かった。 今月１５日に見つかった足跡は、いずれも裸足で、足の指の形がくっきりと残され、大きいもので約２３センチあった。榛名山二ツ岳の火山灰が降り積もった後の地層にあり、県教委は「噴火が始まってからも、周囲を人が歩いていたとみられ、興味深い」と話している。 今後、よろいを着た人骨のＣＴスキャンや、近くで見つかった別の人骨の分析を進めるという。【奥山はるな】</p>
<p>-</p>
<p><a href="http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/e-japan/gunma/news/20130423-OYT8T01678.htm">Source</a></p>
<p>よろい着た人骨 １メートル６３ 県埋蔵文化財調査事業団と県教委は２３日、県庁で記者会見し、渋川市の金井東裏遺跡で昨年１１月に見つかった甲(よろい)を着た人骨の身長が１メートル６３と推定されると発表した。 人骨は、同事業団が調査センターに運び込んで調査。股(こ)関節から、ひざまでの骨の長さは４３．３センチで、これを元に身長を計算した。 さらに人骨近くから見つかっていた甲が、人骨が着ていた一部ではなく、別の甲だったと判明。巻かれた状態で埋まっていたため、持ち運ばれていた可能性があるという。人骨から１００メートルほど離れた場所には裸足の足跡が２０個以上も見つかった。 甲を着た人骨は今後、甲内部の調査や頭部のコンピューター断層撮影法（ＣＴ）調査を実施するという。 （2013年4月24日 読売新聞）</p>
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		<title>New website on Nonaka Kofun by Osaka University Department of Archaeology</title>
		<link>http://japanesearchaeology.com/2013/04/03/new-website-on-nonaka-kofun-by-osaka-university-department-of-archaeology/</link>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 03 Apr 2013 01:04:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Joseph Ryan</dc:creator>
		
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		<description><![CDATA[The Osaka University Department of Archaeology has created an English-language website in conjunction with its Project for the Preservation and Utilization of Artifacts from Nonaka Kofun. Built in the 5th century in Fujiidera City, Osaka Prefecture, the Nonaka tomb (kofun) is situated roughly at the center of the Furuichi Tomb Cluster. The 1964 excavation conducted [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=japanesearchaeology.com&#038;blog=987012&#038;post=1063&#038;subd=nagaeyari&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p align="left">The <a href="http://www.let.osaka-u.ac.jp/kouko/">Osaka University Department of Archaeology</a> has created an <a href="http://www.let.osaka-u.ac.jp/kouko/nonaka/en/index.html">English-language website</a> in conjunction with its Project for the Preservation and Utilization of Artifacts from Nonaka Kofun.</p>
<p align="left"><a href="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2013/04/main_img.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image" id="i-1071" alt="Image" src="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2013/04/main_img.jpg?w=650" /></a></p>
<p align="left">Built in the 5th century in Fujiidera City, Osaka Prefecture, the Nonaka tomb (<i>kofun</i>) is situated roughly at the center of the Furuichi Tomb Cluster. The 1964 excavation conducted by Osaka University revealed that this <i>kofun</i> offered many important clues for our study of state formation in Japan.</p>
<p align="left"><a href="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2013/04/about02_01_04.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image" id="i-1066" alt="Image" src="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2013/04/about02_01_04.jpg?w=620" /></a></p>
<p align="left">Nonaka Kofun is an especially valuable resource for the study of ancient Japan, with its numerous artifacts evidencing the military, economic, and technological strength of the Yamato Kingdom.</p>
<p style="text-align:center;" align="left"><a href="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2013/04/about02_01_03.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image" id="i-1068" alt="Image" src="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2013/04/about02_01_03.jpg?w=301" /></a></p>
<p align="left">Many of the pictures and videos are being released to the public for the first time.</p>
<p align="left">The website can be accessed from the following link:</p>
<p align="left"><a href="http://www.let.osaka-u.ac.jp/kouko/nonaka/en/index.html" rel="nofollow">http://www.let.osaka-u.ac.jp/kouko/nonaka/en/index.html</a></p>
<p align="left">-</p>
<p align="left">(<a href="http://www.let.osaka-u.ac.jp/kouko/nonaka/en/index.html">Picture source</a>)</p>
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		<title>Makimuku &#8211; Over 100 postholes dating to the time of Himiko</title>
		<link>http://japanesearchaeology.com/2013/02/02/makimuku-over-100-postholes-dating-to-the-time-of-himiko/</link>
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		<pubDate>Sat, 02 Feb 2013 11:15:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Joseph Ryan</dc:creator>
		
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		<description><![CDATA[Following the 2009 and 2011 finds of several large buildings, it was announced on February 1 that over 100 postholes dating to the early 3rd century were found at the Makimuku site (纒向遺跡) in Sakurai city, Nara Prefecture. Clustered within an approximately 60-square-meter area to the west of the building complex, they appear to represent the [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=japanesearchaeology.com&#038;blog=987012&#038;post=1052&#038;subd=nagaeyari&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Following the 2009 and 2011 finds of <a href="http://japanesearchaeology.com/2011/05/01/makimuku-iseki-remains-of-large-building-discovered/">several large buildings</a>, it was announced on February 1 that over 100 postholes dating to the early 3rd century were found at the Makimuku site (纒向遺跡) in Sakurai city, Nara Prefecture. Clustered within an approximately 60-square-meter area to the west of the building complex, they appear to represent the repeated reconstruction of a small-scale building.</p>
<p><a href="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2013/02/genchi.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1053" alt="genchi" src="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2013/02/genchi.jpg?w=645"   /></a></p>
<p style="text-align:center;">Picture <a href="http://sankei.jp.msn.com/life/news/130202/art13020213480002-n1.htm">source</a></p>
<p>An excavation in 2009 revealed evidence of four buildings dating to the early 3rd century aligned along an east-west axis at the center of the Makimuku site (see post linked to above for previous discussion). One of the buildings measures 238 square meters, the largest building discovered thus far for its time, and is posited as the palace of Queen Himiko, the shaman queen mentioned in the Chinese <em>History of the Three Kingdoms</em> (<em>Sanguozhi</em>). This most recent find, however, suggests that the building located furthest west was no building at all. The postholes of the building <a href="http://mainichi.jp/feature/news/20130202ddn012040057000c.html">did not pan out</a>. It would appear that the building complex contained three buildings, in addition to the posthole cluster.</p>
<p>Many researchers consider Makimuku to be the location of Yamatai, the 3rd-century capital of the kingdom of Wa.</p>
<p>An additional excavation in 2011 revealed evidence of another building 5 meters to the east of the supposed site of Himiko’s palace. 3 rectangular post holes, believed to have supported thick pillars, each measuring 1.2 meters across and 60 centimeters deep stretch for 9 meters; 2 square post holes, believed to have supported relatively smaller pillars (these <em>tsukabashira</em> [束柱] are believed to have supported the flooring) are located one each between the larger holes. Archaeologists suspect that this building may in fact be of the same size and construction of the building positioned as Himiko’s palace. The building found in 2011, however, dates to the late 3rd century/4th century, according to pottery found on site, separating it from the time of Himiko, who is recorded in the Chinese chronicle to have died around 248 AD.</p>
<p>The numerous postholes vary in size, from 10 to 60 centimeters in diameter. They are believe to be located at the entrance to the building cluster.</p>
<p><a href="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2013/02/moshikizu.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1054" alt="moshikizu" src="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2013/02/moshikizu.jpg?w=645"   /></a></p>
<p style="text-align:center;">                      Far left: postholes; center: two buildings flanked by pillared fence; far right: monumental building dating to early 3rd century [notice the posthole cluster replaced the building furthest west]; Picture <a href="http://sankei.jp.msn.com/life/news/130202/art13020213480002-n1.htm">source</a></p>
<p>According to Tatsumi Kazuhiro, a former professor at Doshisha University, the building may have been the stage for rituals celebrating bountiful harvests, the signs of rebuilding suggesting that the building was torn down and reconstructed each time.</p>
<p>Additionally, <a href="http://osaka.yomiuri.co.jp/e-news/20130202-OYO1T00320.htm?from=main3">a section of a moat</a> was found dating to the middle of the 4th century. The section stretches approximately 45 meters east-to-west and 7.5 meters north-to-south. At its maximum, it is 5.8 meters wide and over 60 centimeters deep. Judging from past excavations, it is believed to stretch around 57 meters east-to-west. The moat is believed to have surrounded this central area.</p>
<p><a href="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2013/02/20130202-188472-1-l.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1057" alt="20130202-188472-1-L" src="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2013/02/20130202-188472-1-l.jpg?w=645"   /></a></p>
<p style="text-align:center;">Picture <a href="http://osaka.yomiuri.co.jp/e-news/20130202-OYO1T00320.htm?from=main3">source</a></p>
<p><a href="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2013/02/mizo.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1058" alt="mizo" src="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2013/02/mizo.jpg?w=645"   /></a></p>
<p style="text-align:center;">Picture <a href="http://osaka.yomiuri.co.jp/e-news/20130202-OYO1T00320.htm?from=main3">source</a></p>
<p>While no contemporary buildings have been found yet within its borders, a wooden ritual object in the shape of a sword measuring 31.5cm long was uncovered.</p>
<p>This post will be updated as more information is released. While much of our understanding is fragmentary, it is at least clear that this area was home to continued occupation and ritual use for around 150 years and overlapped with both Himiko&#8217;s rule and the beginning of monumental keyhole-tomb construction in the vicinity.</p>
<p>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;</p>
<p>Original article <a href="http://sankei.jp.msn.com/life/news/130202/art13020213480002-n1.htm">source</a></p>
<p>卑弥呼の祭祀用建物跡？奈良・纒向遺跡で柱穴１００個超出土<br />
2013.2.2</p>
<p>宮殿エリア西側で出土した１００個以上の柱穴群＝奈良県桜井市の纒向遺跡</p>
<p>邪馬台国の最有力候補地とされる奈良県桜井市の纒向（まきむく）遺跡で、女王・卑弥呼（ひみこ）が君臨した時期にあたる３世紀前半の小型建物の柱穴が１００個以上見つかり、市教委が１日、発表した。約６０平方メートルの狭いエリアに集中し、小型建物を建てたり壊したりした跡とみられる。遺跡の中心部で柱穴が集中して確認されたのは初めてで、専門家は「年に数回、卑弥呼が特別に執り行った祭祀（さいし）用の建物跡ではないか」とみている。</p>
<p>市教委は過去の調査を踏まえ、遺跡の中心部は、卑弥呼の宮殿とも指摘される３世紀前半の大型建物を含む４棟の建物が東西に並んでいたと推定。今回、昭和５３年に柱穴の一部が確認されていた最も西側の建物の推定地を調査し、この建物に関連する柱穴は確認されなかったが、周辺で直径１０～６０センチの柱穴を１００個以上確認した。</p>
<p>市教委によると、建物群の入り口にあたるとみられ、「特別な空間」として利用された可能性が高いという。古代祭祀に詳しい辰巳和弘・元同志社大教授（古代学）は「卑弥呼が年に数回、食物の収穫を感謝する祭祀のたびに建てられ、祭祀後に取り壊された複数の小型建物の痕跡ではないか」と推測している。</p>
<p>一方、今回の調査では、４世紀中頃に整備された豪族居館の周濠（しゅうごう）跡の一部も確認された。過去の調査を踏まえ、周濠の規模は東西約６５メートル、南北約５４メートル、幅は最大５・８メートル、深さ最大６０センチ以上と判明した。</p>
<p>市教委は「３世紀の宮殿エリアを囲むような周濠で、この周辺のエリアが、世紀をまたいで政治や祭祀の神聖な土地として利用されていたのではないか」とみている。</p>
<p>現地説明会は３日午前１０時から。ＪＲ桜井線巻向駅の西方徒歩約５分。</p>
<p>-</p>
<p><a href="http://mainichi.jp/feature/news/20130202ddn012040057000c.html">Source</a></p>
<p>奈良・纒向遺跡:西端建物、不透明に 想定の柱穴見つからず 毎日新聞 2013年02月02日 大阪朝刊 多数見つかった柱列。過去に見つかった柱列は手前にある＝奈良県桜井市辻の纒向遺跡で２０１３年１月３１日午前１１時５分、矢追健介撮影 拡大写真 邪馬台国の最有力地とされる奈良県桜井市の纒向（まきむく）遺跡で、東西に真っすぐ並んでいたと想定された３世紀前半の建物群のうち、西端の１棟が存在しない可能性が高いことが発掘調査でわかった。１日に発表した桜井市教委によると、建物に合う柱穴の列はなく、より広い範囲に大量の柱穴が見つかった。 西端の建物は女王卑弥呼（ひみこ）（２４８年ごろ没）の宮殿に関連する施設ともされていた。市教委は「想定と異なる形の建物が建てられていた可能性がある」としている。 昨年１１月からの調査で、約１８０平方メートルの範囲から直径約１０〜６０センチの柱穴が約８０個見つかった。うち数十個は３世紀前半のものという。 これまでの調査では、宮殿ともされる大型建物を東端に、計４棟の建物が東西の直線を軸に南北対称に建てられていたと想定された。西端の建物は、柱穴５個の柱列を北側部分とし、東西約５メートル、南北約８・３メートルの大きさと考えられていた。 しかし、今回の調査で建物の南側の柱穴が見つからず、想定していた形と異なることが明らかになった。 兵庫県立考古博物館の石野博信館長は「考えられていた建物は無かったが、小さいけれども大事な建物を何度も建てた神聖な空間であった可能性がある」としている。現地説明会は３日午前１０時から午後３時まで。雨天中止。【矢追健介】</p>
<p>-</p>
<p style="text-align:left;"><a href="http://osaka.yomiuri.co.jp/e-news/20130202-OYO1T00320.htm?from=main3">Source</a></p>
<p>大和王権の中枢？溝出土…纒向遺跡 大規模な施設の周りに巡らされていたとみられる溝（白線が溝の南西角にあたる）（奈良県桜井市の纒向遺跡で）＝野本裕人撮影 奈良県桜井市の纒向 まきむく 遺跡で、大規模な施設の外周を巡っていたとみられる４世紀中頃の溝が東西４５メートル、南北７・５メートルにわたって出土し、市纒向学研究センターが１日、発表した。邪馬台国の時代から約１世紀後の遺構で、専門家は、この地で成立したとされる大和王権の中枢部だった可能性を指摘している。 見つかった溝は幅４・７～５・８メートル、深さ２０～６０センチで南西の角にあたる。これまでの調査では、南東の角が出土しており、東西の長さは５７メートルと確定。南北は地形などから、５４メートル以上あるとみられる。 溝の内側では、同時期の建物跡などは確認されていないが、祭祀 さいし 用の刀形木製品（長さ３１・５センチ）などが出土。重要な祭祀場か、有力者の居館だった可能性も考えられるという。 付近では、邪馬台国の宮殿との説もある３世紀前半～中頃の大型建物跡が出土しており、白石太一郎・大阪府立近つ飛鳥博物館長（考古学）は「時代は離れているが、王権が継続して利用していた場所ではないか」と話している。 ただ、邪馬台国時代以降、この周辺で誕生したとされる大和王権は、どこに宮殿があったのかなど、実態はわかっていない。「日本書紀」には垂仁 すいにん 天皇の「纒向珠城 たまき 宮」、垂仁天皇の子で日本武尊 やまとたけるのみこと の父にあたる景行 けいこう 天皇の「纒向日代 ひしろ 宮」という宮殿が登場しており、関連が注目される。 現地説明会は３日午前１０時～午後３時。雨天中止。ＪＲ巻向駅の近く。１０日には午前１０時から、東京・よみうりホールで開かれるフォーラム「纒向出現」（読売新聞社後援）でも調査成果を報告する。問い合わせは同センター（０７４４・４５・０５９０）。 石野博信・兵庫県立考古博物館長の話「溝の規模から内側は特別な空間で、聖なる儀式が営まれていたとも考えられる。大和王権の宮殿との関係が、明らかになることを期待したい」 （2013年2月2日 読売新聞）</p>
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		<title>Minamikata Iseki &#8211; Chinese Warring States period bronze arrowhead found at Middle Yayoi site</title>
		<link>http://japanesearchaeology.com/2013/01/23/minamigata-iseki-chinese-warring-states-period-bronze-arrowhead-found-at-middle-yayoi-site/</link>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 23 Jan 2013 23:45:39 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Joseph Ryan</dc:creator>
		
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		<description><![CDATA[It was announced on January 23 that a bronze arrowhead dating back to the Warring States period of China (BC 5~3 century) had been uncovered at Minamikata (南方遺跡; while the official report lists &#8220;Minamikata&#8221; as the name of the site, &#8220;Minamigata&#8221; is a common alternative), Okayama city, Okayama prefecture. Picture source The bronze arrowhead measures [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=japanesearchaeology.com&#038;blog=987012&#038;post=1043&#038;subd=nagaeyari&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It was announced on January 23 that a bronze arrowhead dating back to the Warring States period of China (BC 5~3 century) had been uncovered at Minamikata (南方遺跡; while the official report lists &#8220;Minamikata&#8221; as the name of the site, &#8220;Minamigata&#8221; is a common alternative), Okayama city, Okayama prefecture.</p>
<p><a href="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2013/01/minamigata-arrow.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1044" alt="minamigata bronze arrowhead" src="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2013/01/minamigata-arrow.jpg?w=645"   /></a></p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://www.sanyo.oni.co.jp/news_s/news/d/2013012311444388/">Picture source</a></p>
<p>The bronze arrowhead measures 3.7 cm long, 1.4 cm wide, and approximately 2 mm thick, and weighs a light 3.7 grams. The edges of the arrowhead extend far down along both sides, giving this style its namesake: double-winged bronze arrowhead (双翼式銅鏃). Excluding the broken tang, the piece is intact. While extremely sharp, its size, weight, and rarity suggest it was not for actual battle, but rather a prized object or burial good.</p>
<p>The Minamigata site was a major village in the Kibi (吉備) region during the Yayoi period. A hub for the movement of goods and people, it has revealed many intriguing finds, but this is the first time a bronze arrowhead of this type has been found in Japan.</p>
<p>A specialist in East Asian archaeology, Dr. Kobayashi Seiji (小林青樹) provides the fascinating historical context: &#8220;It is an extremely rare type of arrowhead, with finds limited to the major centers of Chinese civilization, such as the capital of Yan, one of the &#8216;Seven Kingdoms&#8217; (戦国七雄) of this period. None have have been found on the Korean Peninsula.&#8221;</p>
<p><strong>[*Edit: It has been brought to my attention that, while no arrowheads of this style have been found on the Korean Peninsula, a mold to cast them has been found at the Sangun-ri site (上雲里遺跡) in North Jeolla Province (全羅北道).]</strong></p>
<p>The arrowhead was found in an artificial channel (8 meters wide and 1 meter deep) dating to the Middle Yayoi period. The article below assigns the Middle Yayoi period to the 2nd century BC. Assuming this is an acceptable date, there would have been a considerable amount of time between its manufacture and the time of its disposal.</p>
<p>Advances in AMS dating, however, have prompted sweeping revisions of Yayoi-period dates. A temporal assessment of this find will inform our interpretation of how long it took to get where it did or how many generations it was passed down as a prized possession within Japan. Nevertheless, it is an extremely rare find that speaks to the vibrant, international nature of Yayoi society.</p>
<p>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-</p>
<p><a href="http://www.sanyo.oni.co.jp/news_s/news/d/2013012311444388/">Original article</a>:</p>
<p>南方遺跡から中国のやじり　岡山市教委、国内で出土例ない</p>
<p>岡山・南方遺跡で出土した国内初の中国製双翼式銅鏃</p>
<p>岡山市教委は23日、弥生時代の吉備地域を代表する拠点集落の一つ、南方遺跡（同市北区国体町）で、中国の戦国時代（紀元前５〜４世紀）に鋳造された青銅製の鏃（やじり）が出土したと発表した。国内では出土例がない双翼式銅鏃（そうよくしきどうぞく）と呼ばれるタイプで、大陸文化に早く接した吉備の先進性を示す第一級の発見だ。</p>
<p>出土した銅鏃は長さ３・７センチ、最大幅１・４センチ。先端から両翼が長く伸びているのが特徴。両翼の間には透かし状の穴があり、矢の柄を取り付ける茎（なかご）の末端が欠けているほかはほぼ完形だった。非常に鋭利な一方、厚さ約２ミリ、重さも３・７グラムときゃしゃで、実戦用ではなく、副葬用などの儀器とみられる。</p>
<p>銅鏃を実見した小林青樹・国学院大栃木短大教授（東アジア考古学）によると、中国でも「戦国の七雄」に数えられる強国・燕の王都（河北省）など、中国文明の中心地域に出土例が限られる希少なタイプ。朝鮮半島でも確認例はないという。</p>
<p>今回出土したのは、弥生時代中期（紀元前２世紀ごろ）の人工の大溝跡（幅８メートル、深さ１メートル）。製作から遺棄までに年代の隔たりがあることから、中国から持ち込まれた後、埋められるまで大切に保管されていた可能性が高いとみられる。</p>
<p>南方遺跡はＪＲ岡山駅の北約６００メートルの中心市街地に立地。過去の発掘調査で精巧な漆塗り木器、近畿や九州産の土器など特殊な遺物が多く出土。吉備中心部の中核的な弥生遺跡の一つと評価されてきたが、今回の発見でその国際性も注目されることになる。</p>
<p>同市教委は２月２日午後１時半から現地説明会を行う。小雨決行。問い合わせは同教委文化財課（０８６―８０３―１６１１）。</p>
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		<title>Kanai Higashiura Iseki &#8211; Remains found of Kofun-Period man wearing armor</title>
		<link>http://japanesearchaeology.com/2012/12/11/kanai-higashiura-iseki-remains-found-of-kofun-period-man-wearing-armor/</link>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 11 Dec 2012 00:07:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Joseph Ryan</dc:creator>
		
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		<description><![CDATA[Update: HERE. - UPDATE: It was announced on December 21 that additional bones were found approximately 19 meters from the initial find. The new discovery consists of two bones around 20 centimeters long, lying parallel, suggesting they are the remains of arms or legs. It is highly likely that more bodies will come to light [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=japanesearchaeology.com&#038;blog=987012&#038;post=1009&#038;subd=nagaeyari&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Update: <a href="http://japanesearchaeology.com/2013/04/25/kanai-higashiura-update-footprints-found/">HERE</a>.</p>
<p>-</p>
<p><strong>UPDATE</strong>: It was <a href="http://www.sanspo.com/geino/news/20121221/sot12122112190008-n1.html">announced</a> on December 21 that additional bones were found approximately 19 meters from the initial find. The new discovery consists of two bones around 20 centimeters long, lying parallel, suggesting they are the remains of arms or legs. It is highly likely that more bodies will come to light as the excavation continues. The most common interpretation of the site is currently that of a ceremony of sorts to placate the fiery mountain. This would dovetail with the administrative <strong>and </strong>ritual responsibilities suggested to have been held by leaders. <i><br />
</i></p>
<p>-</p>
<p><strong>UPDATE</strong>: It was announced on February 23 that fibers and cloth particles were found along the rear left shoulder of the armor &#8212; believed to be the remains of a shoulder strap. An iron socketed spearhead (鉄矛) was also found nearby.</p>
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<p>It was <a href="http://www.pref.gunma.jp/03/x4500038.html">announced</a> on December 10 that the remains of a Kofun-Period infant and adult male were recovered from the Kanai Higashiura site (金井東裏遺跡; Shibukawa city, Gunma prefecture), buried under a layer of volcanic ash dating to the early-6th century (the Late Kofun Period). While sites buried under volcanic ash have been found previously, this marks the first discovery of Kofun-Period human remains in such a context.</p>
<p>The Kanai Higashiura site provides another &#8220;first&#8221; for Japan, as well &#8212; the adult male is wearing <a href="http://www.pref.gunma.jp/contents/000218413.pdf">a lamellar suit</a> of armor (<em>kozanekō </em>小札甲 or <em>keikō </em>挂甲). Over 600 suits of Kofun-Period armor have been discovered to date, but never before had one been found worn by its owner. Previous finds of suits of armor have all been found from tombs, placed next to their owner as one of the many accompanying burial goods.</p>
<p>Numerous iron <a href="http://mainichi.jp/feature/news/20121211ddm012040078000c.html">arrowheads</a> were also found nearby.</p>
<p>Pictures from the site:</p>
<p><a href="http://japanesearchaeology.com/2012/12/11/kanai-higashiura-iseki-remains-found-of-kofun-period-man-wearing-armor/attachment/1/" rel="attachment wp-att-1010"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1010" alt="1" src="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2012/12/1.jpg?w=300&#038;h=182" width="300" height="182" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align:center;">Nearest the man is the armor-wearing individual. To the left is separate piece of armor. Above the armor and behind the researcher is the skull of an infant.</p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://japanesearchaeology.com/2012/12/11/kanai-higashiura-iseki-remains-found-of-kofun-period-man-wearing-armor/attachment/2/" rel="attachment wp-att-1011"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1011" alt="2" src="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2012/12/2.jpg?w=300&#038;h=183" width="300" height="183" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align:center;">Picture top: Armor and human remains; bottom: piece of armor</p>
<p><a href="http://japanesearchaeology.com/2012/12/11/kanai-higashiura-iseki-remains-found-of-kofun-period-man-wearing-armor/attachment/3/" rel="attachment wp-att-1012"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1012" alt="3" src="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2012/12/3.jpg?w=300&#038;h=181" width="300" height="181" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align:center;">Picture left: skull; middle: armor; right: femur</p>
<p><a href="http://japanesearchaeology.com/2012/12/11/kanai-higashiura-iseki-remains-found-of-kofun-period-man-wearing-armor/attachment/4/" rel="attachment wp-att-1013"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1013" alt="4" src="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2012/12/4.jpg?w=300&#038;h=182" width="300" height="182" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align:center;">Facing the viewer: femur</p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://www.pref.gunma.jp/03/x4500038.html">Photo credit</a></p>
<p style="text-align:left;">The Kanai Higashiura site was buried following the eruption of Harunayama Futatsudake (榛名山二ッ岳; Hr-FA) in the early-6th century (it would erupt again in the mid-6th century). Nearby sites Kuroimine (黒井峯遺跡) and Nakasuji (中筋遺跡) were also affected, their levels of preservation prompting researchers to call them &#8220;the Pompeii of Japan.&#8221;</p>
<p style="text-align:left;">The adult male was found face down in the direction of Harunayama. Judging by the angle of his legs, researchers believe he fell forward from a kneeling position.</p>
<p style="text-align:left;"><span class='embed-youtube' style='text-align:center; display: block;'><iframe class='youtube-player' type='text/html' width='645' height='393' src='http://www.youtube.com/embed/e8ZZszOBGTo?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;fs=1&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;wmode=transparent' frameborder='0'></iframe></span></p>
<p style="text-align:left;">Several pit dwellings (竪穴住居) from the late-5th century have been found in the area, in addition to the nearby Maruyama Kofun (丸山古墳) and numerous tombs along the Tone River (利根川).</p>
<p style="text-align:left;">The fact that lamellar armor belonged almost exclusively to the elite in this period gives us a generous clue as we attempt to reconstruct the local history of the region and understand the level of administrative and military control exercised by the central Yamato authorities.</p>
<p style="text-align:left;">Ichinose Kazuo (一瀬和夫) of Kyoto Tachibana University <a href="京都橘大教授">suggests</a> that the man was perhaps a guard of an elite residence. The fact that he is not wearing a full suit of armor (only protection for his torso and thighs) may imply that he was not on official duty, but rather running for cover with his family. Others, citing the size and nature of tombs bearing similar armor, however, believe the man to have been a local ruler of sorts.</p>
<p style="text-align:left;"><strong>EDIT</strong>: I have received questions as to the spatial relationship between the infant and the adult male. When archaeologists found their remains, the male was not clutching the baby. Perhaps the infant was washed away in the pyroclastic flow.</p>
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		<title>Akitsu Iseki &#8211; Sawtooth stag beetle uncovered in almost perfect condition</title>
		<link>http://japanesearchaeology.com/2011/05/24/akitsu-iseki-sawtooth-stag-beetle-uncovered-in-almost-perfect-condition/</link>
		<comments>http://japanesearchaeology.com/2011/05/24/akitsu-iseki-sawtooth-stag-beetle-uncovered-in-almost-perfect-condition/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 24 May 2011 23:15:04 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Joseph Ryan</dc:creator>
		
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		<description><![CDATA[A sawtooth stag beetle (Prosopocoilus inclinatus; nokogiri kuwagata [鋸鍬形]) belonging to the Final Jomon period (縄文時代晩期; c2800-2500YBP) was uncovered in almost perfect condition, a hitherto unheard of find, at Akitsu Iseki (秋津遺跡) in Gose city (御所市), Nara prefecture. The male stag beetle measures 6.3cm long and was found encased in mud. Typically, insects do not [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=japanesearchaeology.com&#038;blog=987012&#038;post=993&#038;subd=nagaeyari&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A sawtooth stag beetle (<em>Prosopocoilus inclinatus</em>; <em>nokogiri kuwagata</em> [鋸鍬形]) belonging to the Final Jomon period (縄文時代晩期; c2800-2500YBP) was uncovered in almost perfect condition, a hitherto unheard of find, at <a href="http://japanesearchaeology.com/2010/12/18/akitsu-iseki-4th-century-ritual-space-or-residence/">Akitsu Iseki</a> (秋津遺跡) in Gose city (御所市), Nara prefecture.</p>
<p><a href="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2011/05/20110524-118893-1-l.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-995" title="20110524-118893-1-L" src="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2011/05/20110524-118893-1-l.jpg?w=217&#038;h=300" alt="" width="217" height="300" /></a></p>
<p>The male stag beetle measures 6.3cm long and was found encased in mud. Typically, insects do not survive in recognizable condition, but it is believed that the mud kept it from being exposed to air.</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">縄文のノコギリクワガタ、ほぼ完全な形で出土<br />
ほぼ完全な形で出土したノコギリクワガタ（２４日、奈良県立橿原考古学研究所で）＝金沢修撮影<br />
奈良県御所市の秋津遺跡で、縄文時代晩期（約２８００～２５００年前）のノコギリクワガタが、初めてほぼ完全な形で出土した。<br />
体長６・３センチの大きめの雄で、昆虫は死後、関節が外れてバラバラになってしまうことが多いが、泥に密閉されて外気に触れなかったため残ったらしい。この時代の生き物が生きていた時の姿のまま見つかるのは極めて珍しいという。<br />
橿原市昆虫館（奈良県）の中谷康弘館長補佐は「今にも動き出しそうな姿に驚いた。豊かな生態系があった縄文時代の里山が復元できる」と話している。<br />
（2011年5月24日19時02分  読売新聞）</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">AR2011/05/24</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;"><a href="http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/science/news/20110524-OYT1T01012.htm" rel="nofollow">http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/science/news/20110524-OYT1T01012.htm</a></p>
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		<title>Hakodate &#8211; 14th century Trần Dynasty Vietnamese coin uncovered</title>
		<link>http://japanesearchaeology.com/2011/05/24/hakodate-14th-century-tr%e1%ba%a7n-dynasty-vietnamese-coin-uncovered/</link>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 24 May 2011 22:33:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Joseph Ryan</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[ōūŌŪ]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[A single coin minted by the Trần Dynasty (陳朝), which controlled Vietnam from 1225 to 1400, was uncovered in Hakodate, Hokkaido. In 1951, a lacquered basket containing a stash of coins (known as the Wakimoto Kosen [涌元古銭]) was discovered under a stone at a traditional house in Hakodate. The basket is believed to have been [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=japanesearchaeology.com&#038;blog=987012&#038;post=987&#038;subd=nagaeyari&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A single coin minted by the Trần Dynasty (陳朝), which controlled Vietnam from 1225 to 1400, was uncovered in Hakodate, Hokkaido.</p>
<p>In 1951, a lacquered basket containing a stash of coins (known as the <em>Wakimoto Kosen</em> [涌元古銭]) was discovered under a stone at a traditional house in Hakodate. The basket is believed to have been buried at the villa of a samurai who moved to Hokkaido during the Muromachi period from the main island of Honshū.</p>
<p>In 2008, a local archaeology club analyzed the collection of 997 coins, carefully recording the details of each and assessing their composition under an electron microscope.   While most of the coins are apparently of Chinese provenance, one has turned out to have come from 14th-century Vietnam.</p>
<p><a href="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2011/05/20110525hog00m040001000p_size5.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-989" title="20110525hog00m040001000p_size5" src="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2011/05/20110525hog00m040001000p_size5.jpg?w=645" alt=""   /></a></p>
<p>At the time, the group was unable to decipher the second character, <em>tai</em> (泰).  After consulting with a historian of Japanese currency and an expert in Chinese archaeology, however, it became clear that the coin was a <em>Kaitaigenpō</em> (開泰元宝), <em>Kaitai</em> (開泰), being a Vietnamese regnal period that lasted from 1324-29. This is the first time this type of coin has been unearthed in Japan.</p>
<p>The coin measures 22.7mm in diameter and weights approximately 4g; it is composed of around 65% copper.</p>
<p>Rather than a direct sea route between 14th-century Hokkaido and Southeast Asia, it is more likely that the Vietnamese coin entered Japan through trade with China, mingled in which Chinese coins, and found its way up the Japan Sea-side of the archipelago. The Hokuriku region of Japan has long been a conduit for trade, evidenced from the Jomon period.</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">古銭：函館高専の考古学サークル、国内初の14世紀ベトナム貨幣を確認<br />
日本初出土が確認された開泰元宝<br />
函館高専（北海道函館市）の学生サークル「埋蔵文化財研究会」が、６０年前に知内町で発見された「涌元（わきもと）古銭」の中に、１４世紀のベトナム陳朝が鋳造した貨幣「開泰元宝（かいたいげんぽう）」が１枚あることを突き止めた。日本でこの古銭が出土したのは初めてで、メンバーは「当時、北海道と東南アジアを結ぶ海の道があったのでは」と思いをはせる。<br />
知内町郷土資料館によると、涌元古銭は１９５１年、民家の石の下から漆を塗ったかごに入って見つかった。室町時代、本州から移り住んだ武士の館で埋められたとみられ、大半は交易で使ったと思われる中国製の貨幣だという。<br />
研究会は０８年、同資料館が保管する９９７枚を預かり、和紙に表面を写し取ったり、電子顕微鏡で成分分析したりして種類を調べてきた。このうち１枚は４文字のうち「泰」の１文字が当初判読できず、桜木晋一・下関市立大教授（日本貨幣史）と三宅俊彦・専修大講師（中国考古学）に鑑定を依頼。その結果、ベトナム陳朝の開泰年間（１３２４～２９年）の貨幣であることが確認された。<br />
古銭は直径２２・７ミリ、重さは約４グラム。成分は銅が約６５％を占める。三宅講師は「中国との貿易で日本に入ってきた中国銭の中に開泰元宝が含まれ、それが日本海ルートの交易で道内に送られたのでは」と推測する。研究会メンバーの渡辺恵太さん（２０）は「今まで地道にやってきたきたことが報われた。今後は流通経路なども調べたい」と話している。【近藤卓資】<br />
毎日新聞　2011年5月25日　2時06分<br />
AR2011/05/25</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;"><a href="http://mainichi.jp/hokkaido/shakai/news/20110525hog00m040004000c.html" rel="nofollow">http://mainichi.jp/hokkaido/shakai/news/20110525hog00m040004000c.html</a></p>
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		<title>Ikeshima Fukumanji Iseki &#8211; Oldest domestic Oriental Stork footprint uncovered</title>
		<link>http://japanesearchaeology.com/2011/05/19/ikeshima-fukumanji-iseki-oldest-domestic-oriental-stork-footprint-uncovered/</link>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 19 May 2011 19:17:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Joseph Ryan</dc:creator>
		
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		<description><![CDATA[It was announced on May 18 that Japan&#8217;s oldest footprint of an Oriental Stork (kōnotori; Ciconia boyciana) has been uncovered at Ikeshima Fukumaji Iseki (池島・福万寺遺跡), an Osaka site active from the end of the Jomon period (縄文時代晩期) to the Edo period. (source) Eclipsing the previous contender, which is located at Motosōja Kitagawa Iseki (元総社北川遺跡) and [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=japanesearchaeology.com&#038;blog=987012&#038;post=971&#038;subd=nagaeyari&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It was announced on May 18 that Japan&#8217;s oldest footprint of an Oriental Stork (<em>kōnotori</em>; Ciconia boyciana) has been uncovered at Ikeshima Fukumaji Iseki (池島・福万寺遺跡), an Osaka site active from the end of the Jomon period (縄文時代晩期) to the Edo period.</p>
<p><a href="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2011/05/foot.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-973" title="FOOT" src="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2011/05/foot.jpg?w=645" alt=""   /></a>(<a href="http://www.nara-np.co.jp/20110519092057.html">source</a>)</p>
<p>Eclipsing the previous contender, which is located at Motosōja Kitagawa Iseki (元総社北川遺跡) and dated to the 6th century, the recent find dates to the Early Yayoi (弥生時代前期), and was found in a c.400BC rice paddy. The roughly 1,000 footprints in the 400 square meter paddy field wander alongside human footprints. The footprints were originally uncovered in 1996, but were only recently identified as belonging to the Oriental Stork.</p>
<p>Most well-known as a collection of deer antlers, Fukushima Prefecture&#8217;s Usuiso Kaizuka (薄磯貝塚; Jomon period) has also revealed bones belonging to the Oriental Stork. It is believed that the Jomon People used them as a source of food.</p>
<p>Many researchers posit that the Oriental Stork was revered, however, during the Yayoi period &#8212; no doubt in connection to agricultural ceremony. The long-necked birds that appear on many <em>dōtaku</em> (銅鐸) bronze bells may in fact be the Oriental Stork (<em>kōnotori</em>), an identification that challenges the long-held believe that they are herons (サギ).</p>
<p><a href="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2011/05/doutaku05.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-972" title="doutaku05" src="http://nagaeyari.files.wordpress.com/2011/05/doutaku05.jpg?w=294&#038;h=300" alt="" width="294" height="300" /></a>See the upper-right panel (<a href="http://www2.ttcn.ne.jp/kobuta/bunnka3/doutaku05.jpg">source</a>)</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">最古のコウノトリ足跡 &#8211; 大阪の池島・福万寺遺跡<br />
2011年5月19日　奈良新聞<br />
大阪府東大阪市と八尾市にまたがる「池島・福万寺遺跡」で、弥生時代前期(約2400年前)の水田跡に残った鳥の足跡が、国の特別天然記念物コウノトリと分かり、奈良文化財研究所が18日、発表した。コウノトリの足跡としては国内最古。弥生人とコウノトリの共存関係が明らかになり、銅鐸(どうたく)に描かれた鳥もコウノトリだった可能性が出てきた。<br />
足跡は約400平方メートルの水田跡に約千個残され、人の足跡も混じっていた。河川の氾濫で泥をかぶった水田に足跡が付き、直後に流れ込んだ砂でパックされたらしい。大阪府文化財センターが平成8年に発掘したが、鳥種まで絞り込めなかった。<br />
昨年、奈文研の松井章・埋蔵文化財センター長が「兵庫県立コウノトリの郷公園」の増井光子・前園長(故人)らと足跡の石こう型を検討、指の太さなどからコウノトリと結論づけた。<br />
これまで、群馬県の元総社北川遺跡で見つかった6世紀の足跡が国内最古だった。福島県の薄磯貝塚などでは縄文人が食べたとみられるコウノトリの骨が見つかっている。<br />
弥生人との共存が明らかになったことで、銅鐸に描かれた鳥がコウノトリだった可能性も浮上。サギ説と候補を争うことになりそうだ。<br />
松井センター長は「コウノトリが弥生人と空間を共有していたのは間違いない。白一色のサギより美しく、弥生人は神聖な鳥として銅鐸に描いたのではないか」と話している。<br />
「池島・福万寺遺跡」は恩智川治水緑地の建設に伴って昭和55年度に調査が始まり、縄文―江戸時代の遺構が見つかっている。</p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;"><a href="http://www.nara-np.co.jp/20110519092057.html" rel="nofollow">http://www.nara-np.co.jp/20110519092057.html</a></p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">AR 2011/05/20</p>
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		<title>Makimuku Iseki &#8211; Remains of large building discovered</title>
		<link>http://japanesearchaeology.com/2011/05/01/makimuku-iseki-remains-of-large-building-discovered/</link>
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		<pubDate>Sun, 01 May 2011 04:05:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Joseph Ryan</dc:creator>
		
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		<description><![CDATA[There is much consensus regarding Makimuku Iseki (纏向遺跡: Written either 纒 or 纏), located in Sakurai city, Nara prefecture and within close proximity to Hashihaka Kofun (箸墓古墳), as the seat of the early Yamato rulers; whether Makimuku Iseki was also the location of Yamatai (邪馬台国), however, is where opinions begin to differ. For those archaeologists [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=japanesearchaeology.com&#038;blog=987012&#038;post=958&#038;subd=nagaeyari&#038;ref=&#038;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>There is much consensus regarding Makimuku Iseki (纏向遺跡: Written either 纒 or 纏), located in Sakurai city, Nara prefecture and within close proximity to Hashihaka Kofun (箸墓古墳), as the seat of the early Yamato rulers; whether Makimuku Iseki was also the location of Yamatai (邪馬台国), however, is where opinions begin to differ. For those archaeologists that do not see early Japanese history as a Kansai monolith and do not subscribe to the theory of an unbroken line between the Queen&#8217;s federation and the court of Suinin and Keikō (at least on paper, issues of identity aside), this most recent find no doubt rewards careful consideration.</p>
<p>It was announced in November 2009, that a web of post holes clearly mapping out the remains of a large building were found at the site (<a href="http://mainichi.jp/select/wadai/graph/makimuku/">pictures</a>), and dated to the early 3rd century &#8212; undoubtedly contemporaneous with the Himiko of Yamatai. The post holes stretched 19.2 meters north to south and 6.2 meters east to west, making it the largest building of the period found to date, with an estimated floor area of 238 square meters, 1.5 times larger than the largest building (2nd/3rd century) found at the Saga prefecture (Kyushu) site of Yoshinogari (吉野ケ里遺跡). The site&#8217;s layout of buildings also presents the oldest example of north-to-south symmetry, redolent of the palace architecture of the Asuka period (7th century).</p>
<p>It was announced in April that evidence of an additional building had been found at a location 5 meters to the east of the supposed site of Himiko&#8217;s palace. 3 rectangular post holes, believed to have supported thick pillars, measuring 1.2 meters across and 60 centimeters deep, each, stretch for 9 meters; 2 square post holes, believed to have supported relatively smaller pillars (these <em>tsukabashira</em> [束柱] are believed to have supported the flooring) are located one each between the larger holes.  Archaeologists suspect that this newly discovered building may in fact be of the same size and construction of the building positioned as Himiko&#8217;s palace.</p>
<p>While the latter dates to the early 3rd century, the former dates to the late 3rd century/4th century, according to pottery found on site, aligning it with the Emperors Suinin and Keikō, who are recorded in the Nihon Shoki (日本書紀) as maintaining palaces in the area (let us leave textual criticism for another day).</p>
<p>The question of contenders for the location of Yamatai aside (as the freight of bias can indeed cheapen a site&#8217;s intrinsic value), Makimuku Iseki remains nevertheless a manifestation of a nascent Yamato polity&#8217;s locus of power. The sprawling site, of which only a small section has been excavated, offers not only the remains of large ritual buildings on a national scale, and the various and sundry associated ritual artifacts, but evidence of on-site ferrous operations through recovered slag (<em>tessai</em> 鉄滓) and tuyère (<em>haguchi</em> 羽口) belonging to bellows (<em>fuigo</em> 鞴).</p>
<p>Additionally, of all the pottery that has been uncovered at Makimuku Iseki, an impressive 30% hails from regions outside of the Kansai, from Kyushu in the southwest to Hokuriku and Tōkai in the northeast. There are, additionally, examples of locally produced pottery modeled on distant styles. While it is true that there are other contemporaneous sites that serve as hubs of pottery trade, none come close to the exciting cosmopolitan status of Makimuki Iseki (see pages 207 and 208 in Professor Ishikawa Hideshi&#8217;s 『農耕社会の成立』 for a more detailed account of what I have glossed over in these two paragraphs).</p>
<p>Additionally, Makimuku Iseki is ensconced in the southeast corner of the Nara basin, off the western side of the holy Miwayama (三輪山). Within close proximity are many early <em>kofun</em>, not the least of them being Hokenoyama (ホケノ山[墳丘墓]), Hashihaka (箸墓古墳), and Makimuku Ishizuka Kofun (纒向石塚古墳), a Makimuku-style <em>zenpōkōen funkyūbo</em> (纒向型前方後円墳丘墓), perhaps best viewed as a 96-meter transitional fossil, if you will, on the cusp of the emergence of the standard <em>zenpōkōenfun</em> built during an eminently dynamic 3rd century.</p>
<blockquote><p>奈良・纒向遺跡：大型建物跡の一部とみられる柱穴発見<br />
奈良県桜井市の纒向（まきむく）遺跡で、大型建物跡の一部とみられる柱穴が見つかった。同遺跡で既に確認されている卑弥呼（ひみこ、２４８年ごろ没）と同時代の４棟の建物（３世紀前半）より後に建てられたもので、調査した同市教委は「大きな力を持った人物が引き続き住んでいたことを示す」としている。<br />
調査は、０９年１１月に発見された卑弥呼の宮殿の可能性がある大型建物跡の東約５メートルの場所で実施。縦６０センチ、横１・２メートルの大きな柱穴３個が４・５メートル間隔で南北に並んでいた。間には、建物の床を支える細い束柱（つかばしら）の穴が一つずつ計２個あった。柱穴の大きさや間隔、束柱を用いる工法から、卑弥呼の宮殿の可能性がある建物と同規模の可能性が高い。<br />
毎日新聞　2011年4月28日　東京夕刊</p>
<p><a href="http://mainichi.jp/enta/art/news/20110428dde041040079000c.html" rel="nofollow">http://mainichi.jp/enta/art/news/20110428dde041040079000c.html</a></p>
<p>AR2011/05/01</p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p>纒向遺跡：また大型建物跡　卑弥呼の後も権力者居住？奈良<br />
纒向遺跡で見つかった建物跡の一部とみられる五つの柱穴（白線で囲んだ場所）＝奈良県桜井市教委提供<br />
奈良県桜井市の纒向（まきむく）遺跡で、大型建物跡の一部とみられる柱穴が見つかった。同遺跡で既に確認されている卑弥呼（ひみこ）（２４８年ごろ没）と同時代の４棟の建物（３世紀前半）より後に建てられたもので、調査した同市教委は「大きな力を持った人物が纒向に引き続き住んでいたことを示す」としている。<br />
調査は、０９年１１月に発見された卑弥呼の宮殿の可能性がある大型建物跡（南北１９．２メートル、東西１２．４メートル）の東約５メートルの場所で２～３月に実施。縦６０センチ、横１．２メートルの大きな柱穴３個が４．５メートル間隔で南北に並んでいた。間には、建物の床を支える細い束柱（つかばしら）の穴が一つずつ計２個あった。<br />
柱穴の大きさや間隔、束柱を用いる工法から、卑弥呼の宮殿の可能性がある建物と同規模の可能性が高い。また、出土した土器から、３世紀後半以降に建てられたとみられる。<br />
発掘現場は埋め戻されており、写真パネルと土器が同市立埋蔵文化財センターで１０月２日まで展示されている。【高島博之】<br />
毎日新聞　2011年4月28日　9時56分（最終更新　4月28日　10時54分）</p>
<p><a href="http://mainichi.jp/photo/archive/news/2011/04/28/20110428k0000e040007000c.html" rel="nofollow">http://mainichi.jp/photo/archive/news/2011/04/28/20110428k0000e040007000c.html</a></p>
<p>AR2011/05/01</p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p>邪馬台国の最有力候補？纒向遺跡<br />
纒向遺跡で見つかった大型建物跡（右端）と、３月までに確認された３棟の建物跡が一直線に並ぶ＝奈良県桜井市で２００９年１１月５日午後２時４分、本社ヘリから山本晋撮影<br />
邪馬台国の最有力候補地とされる纒向（まきむく）遺跡（奈良県桜井市）で、卑弥呼（ひみこ）（２４８年ごろ没）と同時代の３世紀前半の大型建物跡が見つかり、桜井市教委が１０日、発表した。柱穴が南北１９．２メートル、東西６．２メートルに整然と並び、同時代の建物では国内最大級。過去の発掘調査で確認された３棟の建物や柵列と共に、東西方向の同一直線上で南北対称となるよう計画的に配置されており、卑弥呼の「宮室」（宮殿）の可能性がある。邪馬台国大和説を前進させる成果と言えそうだ。<br />
７８年に柵と建物跡が確認された調査地点を、今年２月から区域を広げて再度調査。東西に計画的に並ぶ三つの建物群や柵を確認。大型建物跡は、その東側の区域で新たに見つかった。<br />
直径約３０センチの柱跡が南北に４．８メートル、東西に３．１メートルの間隔で並んでおり、南北方向の柱の間には床を支える細い束柱の穴があった。<br />
市教委は、後世に柱穴が削られた西側も含め、東西幅は倍の１２．４メートルだったと推定。復元図を作成した黒田龍二・神戸大准教授（建築史）は、地上約２メートルに床を設けた高床式・一層の入り母屋造りで、高さは約１０メートルとみている。<br />
推定床面積は約２３８平方メートルあったとみられ、弥生時代最大規模の環濠（かんごう）集落とされる吉野ケ里遺跡（佐賀県）で最も大きい「主祭殿」（２～３世紀）の約１．５倍になる。<br />
また、同一直線上で南北対称となる建物配置は、同時期までには例がない。飛鳥時代（７世紀）の宮殿と共通する特徴で、当時の王権中枢の一角であった可能性が高い。<br />
現地説明会は１４、１５日の午前１０時～午後３時。雨天中止。ＪＲ巻向駅の北１００メートル。駐車場はない。【高島博之】<br />
石野博信・兵庫県立考古博物館長（考古学）の話　邪馬台国が纒向遺跡にあったという有力な根拠。建物は同時代には例のない大きさだ。住まいとしては大規模すぎ、祭祀（さいし）の場で、魏志倭人伝にある卑弥呼の「宮室」に相当するのではないか。<br />
【ことば】纒向遺跡<br />
奈良県桜井市の三輪山西側に広がる３～４世紀の大規模集落遺跡。東西約２キロ、南北約１．５キロに、最古級の前方後円墳とされる纒向石塚古墳や、卑弥呼の墓との説がある箸墓（はしはか）古墳がある。各地の土器が持ち込まれ、邪馬台国の最有力候補地とされる。７１年から発掘調査が始まり、今回で１６６回目だが、小規模な発掘が多く、全体像は分かっていない。<br />
2009年11月10日</p>
<p><a href="http://mainichi.jp/select/wadai/graph/makimuku/" rel="nofollow">http://mainichi.jp/select/wadai/graph/makimuku/</a></p>
<p>AR2011/05/01</p></blockquote>
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